Developing propulsion techniques from the arms and legs is important to help us move efficiently through the water. It is imperative however that before propulsive movements are taught, floating patterns are established and mastered. Encouraging propulsive movements before floating has been mastered will result in children struggling and thrashing through the water as they endeavour to keep themselves afloat.

Neonatal Reflexes

Up until 6 to 9 months of age babies are governed by neonatal reflexes. This means that during the swimming lesson infants will react spontaneously to the stimulation of the water, rather than actually initiate purposeful propulsive movements. During this stage we can however use word action association to instill propulsive patterns for the next developmental stage. We simply show the baby the kicking action and then follow that action with the verbal trigger of “kick, kick, kick”. If we use this word action association consistently between 8 to 12months of age baby will initiate their own kick on your verbal command.

Manipulate the Legs

Early attempts will be quite primitive but will be sufficient to propel baby through the water. It’s common for early attempts to resemble a dolphin like wriggle or the crawling action. If we continue to manipulate the legs we will instil in the child muscle memory and as they grow physically and develop mentally their movements will become more traditional and coordinated.

Cuddles kicks are perfect for both infants and toddlers. Simply:

• Place the child over your shoulder (like a cuddle)
• Lean back and be low in the water (ensures horizontal swimming position)
• Place hands under the knees and thumbs along calf muscle
• Move hands quickly up and down making the flipping kicking action
• As you manipulate croon “kick, kick, kick, kick” (word action association)

Board Kicks

Assisted board kicking is great for toddlers and pre-schoolers. Simply:

• Teach children to hold the board
• Get children to float face down in the water
• Place hands under the knees and thumbs along calf muscle
• Move hands quickly up and down making the flipping kicking action
• Always ensure the feet are floppy

Laurie Lawrence

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